Revista Científica da UniMais

JURY COURTTHE: THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE BRAZILIAN JURY AND THE NORTH AMERICAN JURY IN LIGHT OF THE PROBLEM OF JUSTICE

Michelly Oliveira Rodovalho, Rodrigo Sousa da Silva , Maressa de Melo Santos — Mon, 06 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0800

The Jury Tribunal is one of the main institutions in various democratic legal systems, such as in Brazil and the United States. The jury is an institution that originated in the 13th century in England. Since its creation, the understanding has prevailed that jurors decide on the conviction or acquittal of the defendant, and this decision does not require justification. The plenary session is presided over by a judge who oversees the proper conduct of the proceedings in accordance with the relevant legislation. In this research, we will analyze the similarities and differences between the Brazilian and U.S. Jury Tribunals, examining how each system addresses the principle of justice. The main issue to be investigated is how the Brazilian and U.S. jury systems deal with the challenges of justice and its corollaries, such as impartiality, fairness, and representativeness, and how these approaches impact the administration of justice. The cultural and social differences between the two countries may significantly affect the structure and functioning of the Jury Tribunal, as the decisions of a lay court are laden with subjectivity. This research will use a comparative approach, evaluating legal documents, academic studies, and doctrines related to the proposed topic.

THE INSTITUTE OF RETRACTION AND THE CULTURE OF FORGIVENESS IN THE CONTEXT OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Mon, 06 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0800

This study presents a reflection on the institution of retraction and the culture of forgiveness in the context of domestic violence, addressing as a priority the Maria da Penha Law (Law No. 11,340/06) and its impact in this context. The methodology used is qualitative research, with a descriptive-exploratory focus. The research investigates the main reasons that lead victims to back down from the decision to seek legal assistance and decide to retract, with several factors responsible for the retraction of accusations, among them, the main ones studied are the pressure to forgive that the victims demonstrate, emotional, religious and even economic factors. The aforementioned Law aims to curb and prevent domestic and family violence against women in Brazil. One of the guarantees offered by this law is the retraction hearing in cases of violence, which is only held if there is an express statement from the victim, presented before the receipt of the complaint in cases of bodily harm, seeking to avoid coercion by the aggressor. Furthermore, the article highlights the culture of forgiveness, in the social and religious spheres, and its view as an inalienable value that generates love and compassion between individuals. However, in the context of domestic violence, it is questionable, since preaching this idea can prevent the aggressor from being held accountable and can also disregard the seriousness of the violence; which is why social, legal and psychological support is essential to mitigate the consequences and guide women in making decisions, avoiding any type of coercion.

WORK HOURS FLEXIBILITY: An Analysis of the Advantages and Disadvantages

Guylherme Martins Silva, João Bento Sobrinho Neto, Mayara Da Paixão Gonçalves — Mon, 06 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0800

The flexibilization of working hours in Brazil, intensified by the 2017 Labor Reform, is a relevant issue in labor law. Before the reform, the Consolidation of Labor Laws (CLT) imposed strict rules on working hours, guaranteeing rights such as overtime pay and rest breaks, but these regulations were criticized for limiting business competitiveness. The reform brought greater autonomy in negotiations between employers and workers, aiming to modernize labor practices. This study analyzes the legal and social implications of this flexibilization, investigating its effects on workers' rights, business efficiency, and the adequacy of legislation to meet current demands. Using a bibliographical and narrative methodology, the research reveals that flexibilization offers both advantages and challenges. While it promotes greater economic and social dynamism for companies, it also raises concerns about the preservation of labor rights and workers' health. It concludes that adapting the legislation is essential to balance productive needs and worker well-being, ensuring fair and sustainable labor relations.

GROWTH PROMOTING MICROORGANISMS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF UPLAND RICE ROOTS

Mon, 06 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0800

Multifunctional microorganisms can significantly affect root development and growth of upland rice, as seedlings may provide no grain yield from the crop. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of single and combined microorganisms on root and shoot development of upland rice seedlings. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design with treatments consisting of upland rice seeds treated with simple and combined multifunctional microorganisms (control (treatment without microorganisms), Serratia marcescens (BRM 32114), Azospirillum brasilense (AbV5), Bacillus sp. ( BRM 63573), Trichoderma koningiopsis (T-26) and the combination of all those reported). Bacillus sp. was greater (35%) in root length compared to the control. In the surface area of the roots the control is highlighted. In diameter, ABV5 presented a value (46%) higher than the control. In the length and volume ratio, all microorganisms were greater than 25.66% compared to the control. In the root volume BRM 63573 increased (50%) compared to the control. It can be concluded that multifunctional microorganisms improved root length, root surface area, diameter, length/volume ratio and root volume, providing better root development.

COMPARATIVES OF FERTILIZATION ON BABY LEAF LETTUCE

Izabely Vitória Lucas Ferreira, João Paulo Barbosa, Dennis Ricardo Cabral Cruz — Mon, 06 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0800

Cultivation directly depends on the quality of the substrate used, which plays a fundamental role in the production of lettuce seedlings (Lactuca sativa), as the productivity and viability of cultivation are directly linked to the quality of this material. Therefore, the objective of the work is to identify the best substrate for the production of baby leaf lettuce seedlings. The treatments were carried out with T1 (cattle manure + soil), T2 (chicken litter + soil), T3 (compost + soil), T4 (chemical fertilizer + soil) and T5 (soil - control), they were placed in cut PET bottles for 30 days development. NF (number of leaves), leaf midrib length, collar diameter, root length and fresh mass and dry mass of the aerial part (AP) were analyzed. In the results, we highlighted the evaluations where there was a predominance of seedlings that were in T3 (compost + soil), this demonstrated that the mixture of organic matter substrates favors viability due to the high concentration of N and organic matter.

FAMILY FARMING AND PUBLIC POLICIES: An Integrative Review

Mon, 06 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0800

Family farming is essential for Brazil's economic and social development, contributing significantly to food production and rural employment. However, family farmers face challenges such as limited access to information and technical assistance, hindering their competitiveness. This article examines the relationship between family farming and public policies, evaluating programs such as PRONAF, PAA, and PNAE through an integrative literature review focusing on articles published between 2020 and 2024. The findings reveal progress and setbacks in support policies, highlighting the need for improved dissemination and access to these programs. Cooperatives play a crucial role in increasing income and access to essential services, and understanding farmers' social dynamics is equally important. The study concludes that a favorable institutional environment, which considers the specificities of family farmers and promotes their participation in public policies, is vital for equitable and sustainable rural development. It recommends more proactive efforts from technical assistance entities and the Ministry of Agriculture to ensure equitable resource distribution, enhancing the benefits of public policies for family farming.

ANALYSIS OF ROOT DEVELOPMENT IN DIFFERENT SOYBEAN CULTIVARS (Glycine max)

Mon, 06 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0800

Soybean (Glycine max), cultivated since 2838 BC and introduced to Brazil in 1882, plays a crucial role in global agriculture due to its high quality and productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the root growth of five soybean cultivars (Ataque, Neo 790, Olimpo, Sparta, and Tormenta), focusing on total length, surface area, diameter, and root volume of the seedlings. The experiment was conducted in October 2024 in a greenhouse at Grupo Canassa, in Inhumas, GO, using a completely randomized design (CRD), with 50 seeds planted in a bed containing a 1:1 ratio of soil and sand. Seedling emergence was monitored daily, with evaluations performed on 23/10/2024. The results showed that the Olimpo and Sparta cultivars excelled in root length and surface area, indicating a greater capacity for water and nutrient absorption. The Tormenta cultivar exhibited the largest root diameter, suggesting resistance to compacted soils and water stress. In contrast, the Neo 790 cultivar showed the least root development, limiting its adaptation to less fertile soils, though maintaining high productive potential. The Ataque cultivar demonstrated intermediate performance. These findings emphasize the importance of selecting cultivars based on soil characteristics, contributing to more efficient soybean production.

THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES ON THE INITIAL GROWTH OF CURLY LETTUCE

Mon, 06 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0800

In this research, the influence of different substrates on the initial growth of curly lettuce was analyzed, seeking to identify the best composition for the development of this crop. Treatments with soil (T1), soil + sand (T2), soil + sand + cattle manure (T3), soil + sand + poultry manure (T4), soil + sand + commercial substrate (T5), and soil + sand + cattle manure + poultry manure + commercial substrate (T6) were used. The parameters investigated included the number of leaves, root length, leaf length, shoot length, stem diameter, fresh mass, and dry mass. The results showed that the T4 treatment (soil + sand + poultry manure) showed the most expressive development due to the high availability of nitrogen and potassium, essential nutrients for the growth of the aerial part of the plant. It is concluded, therefore, that the use of poultry manure can enhance the development of curly lettuce, offering an effective and economical alternative for vegetable producers.

INITIAL ROOT GROWTH OF CORN SEEDLINGS WITH THE USE OF RHIZOBACTERIA

Mon, 06 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0800

The research in question aimed to analyze the initial growth of corn seedlings inoculated with plant growth-promoting rizobactérias (RPCPs), using the microorganisms BRM 32111 (Burkholderia sp.), BRM 63523 (Serratia sp.), BRM 63524 (Bacillus sp.), and a control treatment (without microorganisms). The experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of Embrapa Rice and Beans in Santo Antônio de Goiás and involved four treatments with ten replications each. The seeds were microbiolized and after 14 days of planting, root development was evaluated. The results indicated that treatments with microorganisms increased significantly compared to the control. Treatment with Serratia sp. obtained the highest total root length, surpassing the control by 38.1%. In addition, Serratia sp. and Bacillus sp. showed the greatest positive demonstration with the volume of roots. Thus, it was concluded that inoculation with Serratia sp. and Bacillus sp. It was effective in promoting the root development of maize seedlings, with a positive impact on total surface areas, average diameter, and dry mass of the roots..

RACISM AND THE PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACTS ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF BLACK IDENTITY

Mon, 06 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0800

This article explores the complexity of structural racism in Brazil and its impact on the construction of black individuals' identities. Through the analysis of foundational works such as Pele Negra, Máscaras Brancas by Frantz Fanon, Tornar-se Negro by Neusa Santos Souza, and A Cor do Inconsciente by Isildinha Nogueira, the study investigates how racism affects self-perception and social interactions among Black people. Identity is discussed as a continuous process influenced by cultural, social, and psychological factors, highlighting the internalization of negative stereotypes and the struggle for a positive self-image. The article addresses the psychological effects of racism, including feelings of inferiority and identity conflicts, emphasizing the need for interventions that promote the valorization of Black identity. It concludes that combating racism requires multidisciplinary approaches that consider both individual aspects and social structures, aiming to build a more inclusive and equitable society.

THE ORGANIZATION OF PRESCRIBED AND ACTUAL WORK IN ONA ACCREDITATION: A DESCRIPTIVE CASE STUDY.

Júlia Isabel Silva Nonato, Tiago de Jesus Batista, Isabelle Rocha Arão — Mon, 06 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0800

Hospital accreditation is an assessment and certification method that seeks to promote the quality and safety of healthcare services through previously defined standards and requirements. In Brazil, the National Accreditation Organization (ONA) plays a key role in this context, establishing standards that aim to continuously improve hospital practices. Therefore, the overall objective of the research was to analyze how the organization of work is impacted by the ONA accreditation process, investigating how the changes required by accreditation influence the organization of work, under the lens of Christophe Dejours' Psychodynamics of Work (PdT) theory. To this end, the research used a descriptive case study, with individual semi-structured interviews being conducted with 11 workers, as well as spaces for collective discussions. The data were analyzed through clinical work analysis. The results indicate that ONA hospital accreditation promotes changes in the organization of work, including the standardization of processes, the implementation of safety protocols, and the need for ongoing training of professionals. Finally, we emphasize the importance of maintaining and adhering to an organizational culture focused on cooperation and action by managers in the deliberate speech process, aiming at understanding workers so that, in this way, an efficient and healthy work environment is created for those involved. It is expected that the research will provide a descriptive description of the management and work organization practices in hospitals that adopt the ONA model, which are appropriate to the health and well-being process of workers.

WORK AS AN EDUCATIONAL PRINCIPLE: the role of the manager in the construction and combination of workers’ knowledge

Mon, 06 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0800

There is much debate about the importance of the manager's role in building and combining workers' knowledge in business activities. The objective of this research is to analyze the role of the manager in the construction and combination of workers' knowledge in the daily lives of companies. The methodology used is bibliographical research. Research has shown that, contrary to what Taylorism proclaimed, workers' knowledge adds great contributions to the production process. Research also highlights the link between education and the production process, deepening the need to recognize the relationships between knowledge and work. It is observed that managers have a fundamental role in developing workers' knowledge, identifying strengths and weaknesses, exchanging theoretical and practical knowledge, identifying opportunities, valuing, promoting each person's skills, perceiving changes and advances in new methods and articulation in the processes of learning, development and execution of work with excellence. This study concluded that the manager plays an important role in the construction and combination of workers' knowledge, in order to make both the economic and social objectives of business activity effective and operational.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE PEDAGOGICAL ROUTINE IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN FROM SIX MONTHS TO THREE YEARS

Mon, 06 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0800

This work aims to address the relevance of the pedagogical routine in early childhood education for the development of children aged six months to three years. To this end, a bibliographical review of renowned authors for this study was carried out, such as Schaeffner (1958), Monteiro (2021) and Wajskop (2007). The results showed that the routine contributes to building a solid foundation for learning, promoting the development of cognitive, emotional and social skills.

TECHNIQUES APPLIED IN ACCOUNTING AUDITING: TESTS, AUDIT PROCEDURES, AUDIT PLANNING

Mon, 06 Jan 2025 00:00:00 -0800

The present work aimed to analyze three essential standards for the practice of auditing in Brazil, namely NBC TA 315, NBC TA 700 and NBC TA 701. These standards are established by the Federal Accounting Council (CFC), standardizing aspects important aspects of the audit, offering guidelines on planning, communication and risk assessment in financial statements.NBC TA 315 provides guidance on identifying and evaluating risks of distortion, requiring the auditor to understand the entity's internal control so that he or she can respond appropriately to these risks. NBC TA 700 talks about audit planning, requiring the auditor to make a detailed strategy to ensure that the financial statements are free from material misstatements. NBC TA 701 establishes the need to communicate significant issues found during the audit to those responsible for.This study was carried out based on a bibliographical research, using the deductive method and consulting specific publications on the standards. Understanding these standards is critical for audit professionals as they face a constantly evolving business environment. This work highlights the importance of these standards for professional practice and the ongoing training of auditors.